Purpose
What is the purpose of OriginalSources.com? For
whom is this library intended?
- To select information
from the vast reservoir of writing and knowledge about humanity, the
world, and the universe of which we are a part, written by original thinkers
and experts throughout the ages.
- To provide insights
into the work of great and original minds—people who made breakthroughs in
human knowledge or thought.
- To provide an extensive
collection of original source documents in history, politics and government,
philosophy, religion, science, and the social sciences. Similarly, to
provide extensive examples of the original work of great literary figures
writing in English or in other languages.
- To provide a quotation
finder and concordance enabling students to discover the origins or usage
of key phrases and words.
- To meet the research
needs of students and teachers in middle school, junior high school, high
school, college, and university by providing broad access to primary
source material on every computer in the institution’s network.
- To provide an everyday,
up-to-date primary source research tool for librarians, teachers, and the
general public.
- To supplement
educational libraries with great books and documents that can be used in
teaching subjects such as language, literacy, and history in elementary
through high schools.
The use of primary sources
exposes students to important historical concepts. First, students become aware
that all written history reflects an author’s interpretation of past events.
Therefore, as students read a historical account, they can recognize its
subjective nature. Second, through primary sources the students directly touch
the lives of people in the past. Further, as students use primary sources, they
develop important analytical skills. From Teaching with Documents, Volume 1.
National Archives and Records Administration and National Council for the
Social Studies, 1989 (Part of OriginalSources.com: United States History/
Learning Aids)
Scope and arrangement
OriginalSources.comis organized so
that the user can find information quickly and efficiently.
This ease of use is achieved through a search feature that enables users to
locate information in all text, an intuitive and easy-to-use browse feature,
and a carefully designed document screen. Thus, OriginalSources.com provides the user with both an extensive
database of original books and source documents, and a quick way of navigating
to information relevant to the user’s needs.
A. Expert choice of content
OriginalSources.com focuses on the accomplishments of the greatest
minds throughout history. The content was selected as leading examples of original thought or
original source documents in each of the collection areas. The selection, made by
the staff of Western Standard Publishing Company, used a wide variety of
reference and bibliographic sources.
OriginalSources.com is in the spirit of such classic compilations as
Oliver Thatcher's Library of Original
Sources; Louis L. Snyder and Richard B. Morris's They Saw It Happen: Eyewitness Reports of Great Events; the
McGraw-Hill and Harvard University Press Source
Books in the History of the Sciences; Rossiter Johnson's Great Events as Told by Famous Historians,
and William Jennings Bryan's World's
Greatest Orations.
In selecting content for OriginalSources.com,
editors consulted anthologies and bibliographies such as the W.W. Norton
anthologies, The Reader's Companion to
World Literature, McGraw-Hill's Encyclopedia
of Science and Technology, the Loeb
Classics, the Harvard Classics,
the Modern Library, the Library of America, and Great Books of the Western World.
General reference works, including almanacs, bibliographies, encyclopedias, and
biographical indices, were also consulted.
In compiling OriginalSources.com, a balanced view was
sought by consulting collections by scholars of social history, women's
studies, and ethnic/minority studies. This is to offset a bias introduced by
editors of earlier generations of such compilations that emphasized political
and military histories.
B. Content format
All
text is presented in a common, easy-to-read format. Users can change the type
size through their browser to suit individual visual needs. Major books or
works are broken down into documents corresponding to chapters or sections, for
ease of reference and to provide quick downloading. Users can quickly move
section by section through such content whether reviewing or reading the whole
text.
To the
left of each document is a citation panel that gives information on the work,
the document, the author and/or translator, and the year of first publication.
Additional information in the panel includes the source used for collecting the
work or stand-alone document for the OriginalSources.com library. Also, in the case of
some stand-alone documents, a summary of the document is given.
C. Search
An integrated search facility is available in every
part of OriginalSources.com. The
navigation bar offers a quick search facility for the whole collection
available to the user. A word or phrase can be searched in titles, authors,
dates, or full text, or in any combination of these elements.
A full search function gives additional search
functionality, such as being able to narrow down a search to an individual
collection or collections. Six types of search can be performed: Having these words
in the title; written by this author; written on this date; containing all of
these words; containing any of these words; having these words in the title.
Further search options enable these types of search to be combined with the
operators ‘and’; ‘or’; and ‘but not’.
D. Browse
The browse function works on a knowledge-tree
structure, through which users can branch into individual collections, types of
content, sources or authors, documents or works, and chapters or sections.
E. Copying and
printing
Any of the text can be highlighted and copied using
the copy function in the browser, or the keyboard short cut for copying.
Quotations or extracts copied in this way can be pasted into a word processor
document.
OriginalSources.com has a print facility available within each document.
Users can print out the document, which is headed by the work, document,
author, and other information shown in the citation panel to the left of the
document text.
Selection and treatment
of content
A. Documents
These are the basic units
into which text is divided. Many are actual legal and official documents such
as Magna Carta, or the Rights of Man and
Citizen. Others are individual speeches, essays, letters, short stories or
similar items which were originally published individually. Some documents are subdivisions of large
books or works. These may be chapters, sections, or ‘books’ within a volume.
Where a document has been reproduced from a printed book for OriginalSources.com, the start of each
page is noted in the text, so that references to the book pagination may be
made. Publication details of each document are listed at the head of the
document.
B.
Original works
These are writings or records of speeches by great
thinkers throughout the ages. They vary in nature from the Gettysburg address
to Tolstoy’s novel War and Peace. Collections
such as Literature and Language consist mainly of works that were originally
published as complete books. All are broken down into documents for ease of
reading and reference.
C.
Illustrations
OriginalSources.com includes more than
3,700 illustrations. Many are portraits of great thinkers and writers. Others
include contemporary depictions of major events, such as Admiral Nelson on
board the Victory at the Battle of
Trafalgar, and diagrams in a scientific work.
OriginalSources.com content
Each of the eight collections in the OriginalSources.com library contains
original or primary source material organized according to the nature of the
content. The browse feature is structured as a knowledge tree, and enables
quick review of the organization of the material in the collections. Each section
below gives a brief overview of one of the collections, together with a brief
list of content highlights, and a few typical quotations.
A.
World History
The main section of this collection contains primary source documents in the history of the world,
including eyewitness accounts, original and official documents, treaties, and
speeches. The documents are grouped into periods chosen to conform to the McREL
standard historical periods. The rich collection of primary source material
includes Herodotus' account of Egypt; Magna Carta; John Knox on ‘The English
Revolution’; the Rights of Man and Citizen; Benjamin Franklin on ‘Those who
would remove to America’; and the Zimmermann Telegram. The section is
supplemented by later great historians’ accounts of some of the major events
and topics.
A second section contains whole
works of classic historians, including Homer, Herodotus, Thucidydes, Plutarch,
Cornelius Tacitus, and William Hickling Prescott.
A third section, Military
History, gives accounts of battles and wars and military theory including Hsun
Tzu on the art of war; the Battle of Marathon; Judas Maccabaeus liberating
Judea; the Anglo-Saxon Conquest of Britain; Mahomet II taking Constantinople;
Jeanne D’Arc’s Victory at Orleans; and Defeat of the Spanish Armada.
1.
Major writers and examples of works
Baker, Samuel White, Sir: In the Heart of Africa;
Bourrienne, Louis Antoine Fauvelet de: Memoirs of Napoleon (16 volumes)
Burke, Edmund: Selections
From the Speeches And Writings of Edmund Burke
Campan, Jeanne Louise Henriette (Genet): Marie Antoinette (7 volumes)
Carlyle, Thomas: French
Revolution, The; History of Friedrich II of Prussia
Casanova, Giacomo: Memoirs
of Casanova
Davis, Richard Harding: Real Soldiers of Fortune; Notes of A War Correspondent
Edwards, Owen Morgan, Sir: Short History of Wales
Gibbon, Edward: History
of the Decline And Fall of the Roman Empire
Giles, Herbert Allen: China and the Manchus; Historic China and other sketches
Gordon, Irwin Leslie: Who Was Who: 5000 BC – 1914
Haaren, John H.: Haaren,
John H.
Josephus, Flavius: Life
of Flavius Josephus, The; Wars of the Jews, The
Lang, Andrew: Voices
of Jeanne D'Arc, The
Livingstone, David: Missionary Travels And Researches In South Africa
Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron: History of England
Machiavelli, Niccolò: History of Florence And of the Affairs of Italy
Marguerite, Queen, consort of Henry IV, King of
France: Memoirs of Marguerite de Valois
Oliphant, Mrs. (Margaret): Jeanne D'Arc: her life and death
Pepys, Samuel: Diary
of Samuel Pepys, The
Philip, King
of Macedon
Pinkerton, John: Early
Australian Voyages: Pelsart, Tasman, Dampier
Prescott, William Hickling: The history of the Conquest of Mexico
Readings in
English History Drawn from the Original Sources
Retz, Jean François Paul de Gondi de: Memoirs of Cardinal de Retz
Strachey, Lytton: Eminent
Victorians; Queen Victoria
Taine, Hippolyte: The
Ancient Regime; The French Revolution; The Modern Regime
2.
Some stand-alone documents
“Ancient Laws of Babylon”
“Assyrian Inscriptions”
“The Rosetta Stone”
“Egyptian Contract of Marriage”
“Spartan Institutions”
“Rome at the End of the Punic Wars”
“Medieval Universities”
“Magna Carta”
“The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the
Citizen”
“The Zimmerman Telegram”
“President Kennedy’s Remarks at the Berlin
Wall”
3.
Selected quotations
If a wife is unfaithful to her
husband and then says, "Thou art not my husband," let her be thrown
into the river... If a husband says to his wife, "Thou art not my
wife," he shall pay a fine of half a maneh of silver. Ancient Babylonian laws.
I am entering on the history of
a period rich in disasters, frightful in its wars, torn by civil strife, and
even in peace full of horrors. Four emperors perished by the sword. There were
three civil wars... Cornelius
Tacitus: Histories, Book I, A.D. 96.
...those, who were called
Christians by the mob and hated for their moral enormities... a great multitude
were convicted... of hatred of the human race. Tacitus, writing in 64 A.D.
about the persecution of Christians.
We have also granted to all the
Freemen of our Kingdom, for us and our heirs for ever, all the underwritten
Liberties, to be enjoyed and held by them and by their heirs, from us and from
our heirs. Magna Carta.
That the earth is also spherical
is therefore beyond question... That the water also has the same form can be
observed from the ships, in that the land which cannot be seen from the deck,
is visible from the mast-tree. And conversely if a light be placed at the
masthead it seems to those who remain on the shores gradually to sink and at
last still sinking to disappear. Nicolaus Copernicus, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, 1543.
The narrative of the trip as
told by the Genoese pilot is given below. It shows that Magellan was a man of
indomitable will, who persevered in his expedition in spite of shipwreck, storm
and mutiny. ‘Magellan’s Voyage Round the World.‘
We have considered and
determined the military plans of the three Allied powers for the final defeat
of the common enemy... Nazi Germany is doomed. The German people will only make
the cost of their defeat heavier to themselves by attempting to continue a
hopeless resistance. Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin Joint Declaration,
Yalta, 1945.
B.
United States History
This collection documents the history of the United
States from the voyages of the Vikings and Columbus through colonial days and
up to the present. The main section of this collection contains primary
source documents in the history of the United
States, including eyewitness accounts, original and official documents,
treaties, and speeches. Examples of these documents are the Mayflower
Compact, Benjamin Franklin’s Plan of Union, the Declaration of Independence,
eyewitness accounts of Civil War battles, Thomas A. Watson on making the first
telephone for Alexander Graham Bell, the Resolution on Annexation of the
Hawaiian Islands, and the Miranda v. Arizona judgment.
A second section contains the whole of A Dictionary of American History by
Thomas L. Purvis. It has more than 3,000 entries giving introductory coverage
of all the key topics in the history of the United States.
The third section contains such classic works of
American history as History of the
American People by Woodrow Wilson,
de Tocqueville’s Democracy in
America, History of the United States
by H.H. Bancroft, and works and essays by such writers as Hector de Crevecoeur,
Frederick Douglass, and Mercy Warren.
The final section, Learning Aids, contains much
material on the study of Americana from the Library of Congress and the
National Archives. This material, of particular value to teachers, includes
Milestone Documents in the National Archives, two volumes of Teaching with Documents, and A Guide to the Study of the United States of
America.
1.
Major writers and examples of works
Adams,
Samuel: Writings of Samuel Adams
Brown,
William Wells: Clotel; or, The
President's Daughter
Colton,
Walter: The Discovery of Gold in
California.
Douglass,
Frederick: My Bondage and My Freedom;
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
Ellis,
Edward Sylvester: Thomas Jefferson, A
Character Sketch
Grant,
Ulysses S.: Personal Memoirs
Henry,
Patrick: Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death
Judson,
Katharine Berry: Myths and Legends of
California and the Old Southwest
Lincoln,
Abraham: Writings of Abraham Lincoln (7
volumes)
McLaughlin,
Marie L.: Myths and Legends of the Sioux
Paine,
Thomas: Common Sense
Purvis,
Thomas L.: Dictionary of American History
Roosevelt,
Theodore: An Autobiography
Rowlandson,
Mary: Story of Her Captivity, Sufferings,
and Restoration
Sewall,
Samuel: “An Early Anti-Slavery Tract”
Smith, John: “The Romance of Pocahontas” and other
essays
Stephenson, Nathaniel W.: Abraham Lincoln and the Union; The Day of the Confederacy
Truth, Sojourner: The
Narrative of Sojourner Truth.
Warner, Charles Dudley: Captain John Smith; Up the Wilderness; The Story of Pocahontas
Warren, Mercy: John
Adams’ Monarchical Ideas; The Death of Parson Caldwell’s Wife; Woman’s Trifling
Needs
Washington, Booker T.: Up From Slavery: An Autobiography
2.
Some stand-alone documents and collections
Articles of Confederation
“Benjamin Franklin’s Plan of Union”
Bradford, William: “The Voyage of the Mayflower”
Clay, Henry: “The Clay Compromise”
Correspondence
of the American Revolution (4 volumes)
“Daniel Boone Migrates to Kentucky”
Fox Bourne, H.R.: “John Locke and the Fundamental
Constitutions of Carolina”
Francis Drake: “Drake in California”
“Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death”
King, Martin Luther, Jr.: “I Have a Dream”
Inaugural Addresses of the U.S. Presidents
Jefferson’s Original Draft of the Declaration of
Independence, including amendments
Lincoln, Abraham: “Gettysburg Address”
Papal Bull Dividing the New World
San Francisco Earthquake and Fire
Treaty With Spain, 1819
3.
Selected quotations
I write this to tell you how in
thirty-three days I sailed to the Indies with the fleet that the illustrious
King and Queen, our Sovereigns, gave me... Letter of Columbus to Luis de
Sant Angel announcing his discovery.
Their men for the most part go
naked; the women take a kind of bulrushes, and combing it after the manner of
hemp, make themselves thereof a loose garment... Francis Drake describing
the people of California.
Nor have we been wanting in
attentions to our British brethren. We have warned them from time to time of
attempts by their legislature to extend a[an unwarrantable] jurisdiction over these our States[us].
Jefferson’s Original Draft of the Declaration, including amendments.
Friends and Fellow Citizens:—I
stand before you to-night under indictment for the alleged crime of having
voted at the last presidential election, without having a lawful right to vote.
Susan B. Anthony ‘Woman’s Rights to the Suffrage’.
If we survey the situation of
our Nation both at home and abroad, we find many satisfactions; we find some
causes for concern... The larger purpose of our economic thought should be to
establish more firmly stability and security of business and employment and
thereby remove poverty still further from our borders. Herbert Hoover’s Inaugural Address, March
4, 1929.
C.
Political Science & Law
There are four main sections in this collection:
General, Comparative Government, Political Theory and Philosophy, and American
Government and Politics. Smaller sections cover Constitution Law and
The general section covers the evolution of
politics, government, and law in original works and documents such as The Code
of Hammurabi; The Supremacy of Parliament; the Habeus Corpus Act of 1679; and
the Bill of Rights of 1689. The section on comparative government includes
works by Edmund Burke, Karl Marx, and Michel Eyquem de Montaigne.
Political Theory and Philosophy is a large section
containing great works from throughout history. Plato’s book The Republic is the oldest, and later
works include Nicolo Machiavelli’s The
Prince; letters and autobiographical extracts from Thomas Jefferson’s writing; Frederic Bastiat’s books That Which Is Seen, and That Which Is Not
Seen, and The Law; and John
Stuart Mill’s books including On Liberty and Representative Government.
American Government and Politics is a huge section,
with subsections on U.S. Presidents, U.S. Congress, U.S. Supreme Court,
Founding Fathers, Constitution Reference, and National Party Platforms
1840-2000. All of the inaugural addresses, messages, and papers of all
presidents from Washington to Clinton are included. From 1994 onwards, there is
a weekly compilation of presidential papers.
The other subsections have similarly wide coverage, making American
Government and Politics an unparalleled, comprehensive online collection.
1.
Major writers and examples of works
Bastiat, Frederic: That
Which Is Seen, and That Which Is Not Seen
Brownson, Orestes Augustus: American Republic, The: Constitution, Tendencies and Destiny
Burke, Edmund: Reflections
on the Revolution in France
Directory of
U.S. Senators by State
Hamilton, Alexander: The Federalist Papers
Historical
Almanack of the U.S. Senate
History of
the United States Senate
Holmes, Oliver Wendell: The Common Law; The Path of the Law
Hobbes, Thomas: Leviathan
Jefferson, Thomas: Declaration
of Independence; Hamilton and Adams; Correspondence, essays, presidential
papers.
Locke, John: Human
Understanding; Civil Government
Machiavelli, Nicolo: The Prince
Marx, Karl: Communist Manifesto
Mill, John Stuart: On
Liberty; Representative Government; Utilitarianism
De Montaigne,
Michel Eyquem: Essays
Plato: Republic
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques: The Social Contract; Confessions; Discourse on the Origins of
Inequality
Tocqueville, Alexis de: Democracy in America (2 volumes)
2.
Stand-alone documents and collections
Constitutional Reference: Documents relating to the
U.S. Constitution
European Union: “Treaty of the European Union”
Founding Fathers: documents by or about the leaders of
the American Revolution
“Habeus Corpus
Act”
“Japan, Constitution of, 1886”
“Japan, Constitution of, 1946”
National Party Platforms 1840-2000
“Supremacy of
Parliament”
“United States Bill of Rights”
United States Congress: documents on history and
workings of the senate
“United States Constitution”
“United States Declaration of Independence”
United States Presidents: Inaugural Addresses;
messages, papers, and documents of all the presidents
United States Supreme Court: 16,000 important cases
from 1793 to 2001
3.
Selected quotations
If a builder has built a house
for a man and has not made strong his work, and the house he built has fallen,
and he has caused the death of the owner of the house, that builder shall be
put to death. Code of Hammurabi.
For by art is created that great
LEVIATHAN called a COMMONWEALTH, or STATE (in Latin, CIVITAS), which is but an
artificial man, though of greater stature and strength than the natural, for
whose protection and defence it was intended; and in which the sovereignty is
an artificial soul... Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan
ALL STATES, all powers, that
have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or
principalities... Such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live
under a prince, or to live in freedom; and are acquired either by the arms of
the prince himself, or of others, or else by fortune or by ability. Nicolo
Machiavelli: The Prince.
Have you ever chanced to hear it
said "There is no better investment than taxes. Only see what a number of
families it maintains, and consider how it reacts on industry; it is an
inexhaustible stream, it is life itself. In order to combat this doctrine...” Frederic
Bastiat: That Which Is Seen, and That
Which Is Not Seen.
By some minds, government is
conceived as strictly a practical art, giving rise to no questions but those of
means and an end. John Stuart Mill: Representative
Government.
If taxes are laid upon us in any
shape, without our having a legal representation where they are laid, are we
not reduced from the character of free subjects to the miserable state of
tributary slaves? Samuel Adams: “the Boston instructions”.
And so, my fellow Americans: ask
not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country. My
fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what
together we can do for the freedom of man. John F. Kennedy: Inaugural
address.
D.
Social Sciences
The main sections in this collection come under the
headings of Anthropology; Economics; Psychology; Sociology; Family, Marriage,
Sex, and Gender; and Vital Statistics.
The content of the Anthropology section ranges from
paleontological writing such as that of Thomas Huxley and Emory Adams Allen, to
anthropological works by George Borrow on the people and language of Wales;
Ellsworth Huntington on aboriginal Americans; and the writing of William I.
Thomas; Alfred L. Kroeber; and T.T. Waterman.
The Economics section covers the great works of
pioneers of economics thinking such as Karl Marx, John Stuart Mill,
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Adam Smith, as well as essays and extracts from such
important writers in economics as John Locke, Thomas Robert Malthus, Thomas
Mun, Francois Quesnay, and David Ricardo.
In addition to the inevitable and essential
selection of Sigmund Freud’s writing, the diverse writers in the psychology
section include Charles Darwin on emotions in animals and humans; Harry Houdini
on the psychological tricks of spiritualists; Gustave Le Bon on the psychology
of revolution; Abraham Myerson on the foundations of personality; and Walter
Dill Scott on Business Psychology.
Sociology is a section ranging through works such as
Thorstein Veblen on theory of the leisure class; Gustave Le Bon on the
sociology of the crowd; and Jane Addams, William Booth, Thomas Carlyle, William
Greenwood, and Leo Tolstoy on social conditions and problems.
The Family, Marriage, Sex, and Gender section
includes classics such as Susan B. Anthony’s “Woman’s Rights to the Suffrage”;
Eliza Burt Gamble’s God-Idea of the
Ancients—or Sex in Religion; three works by Charlotte Perkins Gilman; and
Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of
the Rights of Woman.
1.
Major writers and examples of works
A Young Girl’s Diary
Addams, Jane: Twenty Years At Hull House; with
autobiographical notes
Allen, Emory Adams: Prehistoric World, The: or, Vanished races
Borrow, George
Henry: Wild Wales: Its People, Language
and Scenery
Booth, William: In Darkest England and the Way Out
Carlyle, Thomas: Latter-Day Pamphlets
Chesterton, G. K.
(Gilbert Keith): Utopia of Usurers, and
other essays; What's Wrong with the
World
Dumas, Alexandre: Celebrated Crimes – Complete; The Borgias
Ferri, Enrico: Criminal Sociology
Gamble, Eliza Burt: God-Idea of the Ancients—or Sex in Religion
Gilman, Charlotte
Perkins: Forerunner; Herland
Goldman, Emma: Anarchism and Other Essays
Gross, Hans Gustav
Adolf: Criminal Psychology; a manual for
judges, practitioners, and
students
Guthrie, William: Second Shetland Truck System Report
Harrington, James: Commonwealth of Oceana, The
Hose, Charles: Pagan Tribes of Borneo, The
Hulbert, Archer
Butler: Paths of Inland Commerce, The
Huxley, Thomas
Henry: Geological Contemporaneity and
Persistent Types of Life
Huntington,
Ellsworth: Red Man's Continent, The: A
Chronicle of Aboriginal America
Irving, Henry
Brodribb: Book of Remarkable Criminals, A
Keller, Helen: Story of My Life
London, Jack: War of the Classes
Kingsley, Charles: Sanitary and Social Lectures, etc
Kroeber, Alfred L.,
and Waterman, T. T.: Source Book in
Anthropology
Mandeville, John,
Sir: Travels of Sir John Mandeville, The
More, Sir Thomas,
Saint: Utopia
Morris, William: Signs of Change; News from Nowhere, or, An
Epoch of Rest
Nadaillac,
Jean-François-Albert du Pouget, Marquis de: Manners
and Monuments of Prehistoric
Peoples
Schreiner, Olive: Woman and Labour
Smith, Adam: Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the
Wealth of Nations, An
Tolstoy, Leo: Census in Moscow, The; What to Do? Thoughts
Evoked By the Census of
Moscow
Veblen, Thorstein: Theory of the Leisure Class
Wollstonecraft,
Mary: Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Young, Kimball: Source Book for Sociology; Source Book for
Social Psychology
2.
Documents, speeches, papers and essays
“A Comparison of Municipal and Private Ownership”
Anthony, Susan B.: “Woman’s Rights to the Suffrage”
“Interstate Commerce Commission”
A Historical Record of the Population of the United
States [From 1630 to 1991]
United States Price/Cost Indexes from 1875 to 1989
3.
Selected quotations
The beginning of archaeology may
be said to have been made with the decipherment of the Rosetta stone. This was
found at Rosetta in 1799. It contained three inscriptions, one in hieroglyphic,
one in demotic and the other in Greek. Oliver J. Thatcher: The Library of Original Sources.
I confess
I am not charmed with an ideal of life held out by those who think that the
normal state of human beings is that of struggling to get on; that the
trampling, crushing, elbowing, and treading on each other's heels, which form
the existing type of social life, are the most
desirable
lot of human kind, or anything but the disagreeable symptoms of one of the
phases of industrial progress. John Stuart Mill: Principles of Political Economy.
The word Economy, or Oeconomy,
is derived from oikos, a house, and uomas, law, and meant originally only the
wise and legitimate government of the house for the common good of the whole
family. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: “A Discourse on Political Economy.”
"It is especially to be
remarked how readily infantile and youthful reminiscences enter into our
dreams. What we have long ceased to think about, what has long since lost all
importance for us, is constantly recalled by the dream." A quote from
Volkelt in Sigmund Freud’s Interpretation
of Dreams.
It is then an affection for the
whole human race that makes my pen dart rapidly along to support what I believe
to be the cause of virtue: and... leads me earnestly to wish to see woman
placed in a station in which she would advance... the progress of those
glorious principles that give a substance to morality... In a treatise,
therefore, on female rights and manners, the works which have been particularly
written for their improvement must not be overlooked; especially when it is
asserted... that the minds of women are
enfeebled by false refinement.... Mary Wollstonecraft: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.
E.
Literature
This huge collection contains the most acclaimed and
dominant literary writing in history. It contains more than 3,000 complete
books, and is divided into three main sections—American Literature, British
Literature, and World Literature. Each section contains many great authors’
works that are on recommended book lists for high school libraries. The
inclusion of many writers of interest to younger readers makes the Literature
Collection of particular relevance to elementary and middle schools.
American Literature contains the works of more than 80
great writers, including L. Frank
Baum’s 2 Oz novels; 12 novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs; 5 novels of James
Fennimore Cooper; the works of Mark Twain; and Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. Poets in the collection
include William Cullen Bryant, Robert Frost, and Carl Sandburg. Works by women
writers include 3 novels by Louisa May Alcott; 4 novels of Willa Cather; The Story of My Life by Helen Keller;
Mary Rowlandson’s description of her captivity; and Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Female poets represented include Anne Bradstreet, Emily
Dickinson, Edna St. Vincent Millais, and Phillis Wheatley.
British Literature includes the works of more than 90
great writers, including J.M. Barrie’s Peter
Pan; Beowulf; the works of Lewis
Carroll; 11 novels of Charles Dickens; 4 plays of George Bernard Shaw; all the
plays of William Shakespeare; and 24 works of Oscar Wilde. Poets in the
collection include Robert Burns, John Milton, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and Alfred
Lord Tennyson. Works by women writers include 6 novels by Jane Austen; 1 novel
each by Charlotte and Emily Bronte; 2 novels of George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans);
Baroness Orczy’s Scarlet Pimpernel; Mary
Wollstonecraft Shelley’s Frankenstein; Virginia
Woolf’s The Voyage Out; and poems by
Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Felicia Memens, and Christina Rossetti.
World Literature includes the works of more than 60
great writers, translated into English. Examples are: 7 of the plays of
Aeschylus; 30 of Aesop’s fables; more than 150 of the tales of Hans Christian
Andersen; 6 works of Miguel de Cervantes; 3 novels of Alexandre Dumas; 19 plays
by Euripides; more than 200 children’s stories by the Brothers Grimm; the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam: Leo Tolstoy’s
two great novels, Anna Karenina and War and Peace; and Johann Wyss’s Swiss Family Robinson.
1.
Major authors with examples of works
American Literature
Alcott, Louisa May: Flower Fables; Little Women; Little Men
Alger, Horatio:
Cast Upon the Breakers
Baum, Frank: The
Marvelous Land of Oz; The Wizard of Oz
Burnett, Frances Hodgson: A Little Princess; Sara Crewe; The Secret Garden
Chief
Joseph of the Nez Perce: “I Will Fight No More Forever”
Chopin,
Kate: 21 stories
Cooper,
James Fenimore: 5 novels
Dana,
Richard Henry: Two Years Before the Mast
Dickinson,
Emily: 4 volumes of poetry
Douglass, Frederick: My Bondage and My Freedom; The Narrative of
the Life of J. Frederick
Douglass, An American Slave
Emerson,
Ralph Waldo: 2 volumes of essays; Representative men; “Brahma”; “Concord
Hymn”
Frost,
Robert: 3 volumes of poetry
Hawthorne,
Nathaniel: The House of the Seven Gables;
The Scarlet Letter; Twice-Told Tales
Henry,
O.: 12 volumes containing 263 stories
Irving,
Washington: The Alhambra; The Sketch Book
Keller,
Helen: The Story of My Life
Lazarus,
Emma: “The New Colossus”
London,
Jack: 6 novels
Longfellow,
Henry Wadsworth: Complete Poems;
Evangeline
Lowell,
James: 15 essays; 9 poems
Melville,
Hermann: Billy Budd; Encantadas;
Moby-Dick; Typee
Millay,
Edna St. Vincent: Renascence and Other
Poems
Morley,
Christopher: Parnassus on Wheels; The
Haunted Bookshop
Phillips,
David Graham: Susan Lenox, Her Rise and
Fall
Poe,
Edgar Allan: more than 120 stories and poems
Porter, Gene Stratton: At the Foot of the Rainbow; Freckles; Girl of the Limberlost; The Song
of the Cardinal
Pound,
Ezra: 22 poems, including translations into English
Robinson,
Edwin Arlington: “Miniver Cheevy”; “Richard Corey”
Rowson,
Susanna: Charlotte Temple
Sandburg,
Carl: Chicago Poems
Sienkiewicz,
Henryk: Quo Vadis
Sinclair,
Upton: The Jungle
Stowe,
Harriet Beecher: Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Thoreau,
Henry David: Walden – or Life in the
Woods; plus 4 essays
Twain,
Mark: 12 volumes of novels and stories
Wallace,
Lew: Ben Hur
Warren,
Mercy: 1 letter; 1 essay; and 1 poem—“Woman’s Trifling Needs”
Washington,
Booker T.: Up From Slavery
Webster,
Jean: Daddy-Long-Legs
Wharton,
Edith: Ethan Frome; Summer
Wheatley,
Phillis: 4 poems
Whittier,
John Greenleaf: “Barbara Frietchie”
Winthrop,
Margaret: “A Puritan Wife To Her Husband”; “The Trust of a Godly Woman”
Woolman,
John: How He Testified in the Meeting
Against Slavery
British Literature
Arnold,
Matthew: Dover Beach
Austen,
Jane: Pride and Prejudice; Sense and
Sensibility
Barrie,
J.M.: Peter Pan
Beowulf
Blake,
William: 8 poems
Boswell,
James: The Life of Samuel Johnson
Bronte,
Charlotte: Jane Eyre
Bronte,
Emily: Wuthering Heights
Brooke,
Rupert: The Soldier
Browning,
Elizabeth Barrett: two of the Sonnets
from the Portuguese
Browning,
Robert: 2 volumes of lyrics and poems
Burns,
Robert: “A Red, Red Rose”; “Sweet Afton”
Butler,
Samuel: Way of All Flesh
Byron, George Gordon, Lord: Don Juan; “She Walks in Beauty”;” “So We’ll Go No More a Roving”
Carlyle,
Thomas: The Hero as Poet
Carroll,
Lewis: 75 works – poems; riddles; such novels as Alice in Wonderland; Through the Looking-Glass
Chaucer, Geoffrey: The
Canterbury Tales; The House of Fame; The Legend of Good Women; Minor Poems;
Troilus and Criseyde
Chesterton,
G.K.: Orthodoxy; the Innocence of Father
Brown
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor: 6 works, including “Kubla
Khan”; “The Rime of The Ancient Mariner”
Dickens,
Charles: 11 major works
Eliot,
George (Evans, Mary Anne ): 5 novels, including Middlemarch; Silas Marner
Keats,
John: 37 major poems
Kingsley,
Charles: Westward Ho!
Kipling,
Rudyard: The Jungle Book; stories,
poems, and novels
Lawrence,
D.H.: Sons and Lovers
Lear,
Edward: The Owl and the Pussy-Cat
Marvell,
Andrew: To His Coy Mistress
Milton,
John: 22 major poems including Paradise
Lost
Munro
(Saki), H.H.: 3 volumes of stories
Orczy,
Baroness: The Scarlet Pimpernel
Rossetti,
Christina: Remember
Scott,
Sir Walter: Waverley
Shakespeare,
William: All 34 plays; 154 sonnets
Shaw,
George Bernard: Arms and the Man;
Pygmalion
Shelley,
Mary Wollstonecraft: Frankenstein
Shelley,
Percy Bysshe: “Ode To the West Wind”; “Ozymandias”
Stevenson,
Robert Louis: The Strange Case of Dr.
Jekyll and Mr. Hyde; Treasure Island
Stoker,
Bram: Dracula
Swift,
Jonathan: Gulliver’s Travels
Tennyson,
Alfred Lord: Idylls of the King; “The
Charge of the Light Brigade”
Wells,
H.G.: The Invisible Man; The War of the
Worlds
Wilde,
Oscar: 24 works
Woolf, Virginia: The
Voyage Out
World Literature
Aeschylus: 7 plays
Aesop’s
Fables
Alighieri, Dante: The
Divine Comedy
Andersen, Hans Christian: 39 major tales and other
works
Ariosto, Lodovico: Orlando
Furioso
Aristophanes: Lysistrata;
The Frogs; The Wasps
Campanella, Tommaso: The City of the Sun
Cervantes, Miguel De: Don Quixote; The Jealous Estramaduran
Cicero: letters and essays
Collodi, Carlo: Pinocchio—The
Adventures of a Puppet
Dostoevsky, Fyodor Mikhailovich: Crime and Punishment: The Brothers Karamazov
Dumas, Alexandre: The
Three Musketeers; The Man in the Iron Mask
Euripides: Electra;
Heracles; Iphigenia in Tauris; The Trojan Women
Flaubert, Gustave: Madame
Bovary
Giovanni, Boccaccio: The Decameron
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von: Faust
Grimm, Jacob Ludwig, and Grimm, Wilhelm Carl: 210
stories
Hugo, Victor: Les
Miserables
Ibsen, Henrik: A
Doll’s House; Hedda Gabler
Khayyam, Omar: Rubaiyat
Leroux, Gaston: Phantom
of the Opera
Maupassant, Guy de:
Bel-Ami
Moliere: Tartuffe
Montgomery, Lucy Maud: Anne of Green Gables
Ovid: Metamorphoses
Song of
Roland
Stendhal: The
Red and the Black
Tolstoy, Leo: War
and Peace; Anna Karenina; 1 book of stories
Verne, Jules: Around
The World in Eighty Days; Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
Voltaire: Candide
Wyss, Johann: The
Swiss Family Robinson
Yeats, William Butler: “The Lake Isle of Inisfree”
2.
Selected quotations
...When
war was begun between the North and the South, every slave on our plantation
felt and knew that, though other issues were discussed, the primal one was that
of slavery... Booker T. Washington:
Up from Slavery.
Then on a stately oak I cast
mine eye,
Whose ruffling top the clouds
seem’d to aspire;
How long since thou wast in
thine infancy?
Anne Bradstreet:
“Contemplations”.
"I pray thee, shepherd, if
that love, or gold,
Can in this desert place buy
entertainment,
Bring us where we may rest
ourselves and feed."
William Shakespeare: As You Like It.
The child who is decked with
prince’s robes and who has jewelled chains round his neck loses all pleasure in
his play; his dress hampers him at every step. Rabindranath Tagore: Gitanjali (Song Offerings).
Master Pangloss taught the
metaphysico-theologo-cosmolonigology... "It is demonstrable," said
he, "that things cannot be otherwise than as they are; for as all things
have been created for some end, they must necessarily be created for the best
end. Observe, for instance, the nose is formed for spectacles, therefore we
wear spectacles...” Voltaire: Candide.
F.
Science & Mathematics
Important and epoch-making writing from dozens of
great scientists and mathematicians appears in this extensive and varied
collection. The five main sections, each of which is divided into numerous
subsections, are General Science, Life Science, Physical Science, Mathematics,
and Applied Science.
The General Science section covers the history of
science in extensive collections such as A
Source Book in Greek Science, A
Source Book in Medieval Science, and Classics
of Modern Science, Copernicus to Pasteur. In addition, there are
descriptions of discoveries and theories by great scientists such as, Albert
Einstein, Benjamin Franklin, and William Thomson Kelvin on the absolute scale
of temperature, and Antoine Laurent Lavoisier on the permanence of matter and
the nature of combustion.. The philosophy of science is covered in major works
by Rene Descartes and Immanual Kant, with essays, papers, and fragments from
outstanding names such as Anaximander,
Anaxagoras, Roger Bacon, and
Pliny the Elder.
Life Science includes an extensive subsection on
general life science, which covers history, philosophy, and major theories such
as germ theory with extracts from the writing and correspondence of Louis
Pasteur. The second subsection, Botany, includes a dissertation on the sexes of
plants by Carolus Linnaeus. Zoology, the next subsection, has a Source Book in
Animal Biology, and zoological writings by such scientists as Aristotle and
William Harvey. Physiology includes the thoughts of Charles Bell on nerves,
David Ferrier on location of brain function, Hippocrates, Edward Jenner on
immunization, and William Harvey. Other subsections of the Life Sciences
similarly full of great scientists’ writing include Genetics, Paleontology,
Ecology, Microbiology, and Ornithology. A final subsection, on Great Life
Scientists, gives biographical information on many of the contributors to this
section.
Physical Science covers this important area in five
extensive subsections. Astronomy (Space Science) ranges from the first
heliocentric theory of Aristarchus of Samos and the condemnation of Galileo
Galilei through source books on astronomy from 1900 to 1950, and from 1900 to
1975, to Norman Lockyer writing on the chemistry of the stars. Chemistry has
source books covering the history from 1400 to 1900, and from 1900 to 1950,
plus writings by more than 20 great chemists. Physics, too, has a source book
with 150 historical essays, plus many interesting and important papers by such
great scientists as Joseph Henry, Henri Poincare, Wilhelm Roentgen, and Thomas
Young. Two other similarly structured subsections also cover Geography,
Meteorology, Oceanography; and Geology.
The Mathematics section covers General Mathematics,
Analysis, and Mathematical Logic. One extensive source book covers general
mathematics from 1200 to 1800, another covers classical analysis, and a third
covers mathematical logic from Frege to Godel. Individual papers and essays
cover the work of great thinkers such as Archimedes, Aristotle, Euclid, and
Pythagoras.
Applied Science is an extensive section, divided into
Engineering and Medicine. Further subdivisions cover topics such as acoustical,
aerospace, and agricultural engineering, each with writings by people who made
breakthroughs in the field, such as the Wright brothers. Medicine has whole
works by Galen and Hippocrates, and important papers in anatomy and physiology
1.
Major scientists and examples of works
Anaximander: “Fragments”
Archimedes: “Cattle Problem, The”
Aristotle: On
the Parts of Animals
Bacon, Roger: On
the Importance of Studying Mathematics.
Classics of
Modern Science
Darwin, Charles: Coral
Reefs; Geological Observations on South America; Volcanic Observations; Origin
of Species
Einstein, Albert: “The Foundation of the General
Theory of Relativity”; “On the Influence of Gravitation of the Propagation of
Light”
Euclid: “The Pythagorean Theorem”
Fahrenheit, Daniel Gabriel: “Fahrenheit Scale, The”
Franklin, Benjamin: Autobiography; 11 essays; 1 volume of letters
Galen: On the
Natural Faculties
Harvey, William: “An Anatomical Disquisition on the
Motion of the Heartblood in Animals”
Henry, Joseph: “On the Production of Currents and
Sparks of Electricity From Magnetism”
Herschel, Sir William: “The Discovery of Uranus”
Hippocrates: Aphorisms;
Of the Epidemics; Instruments of Reduction
Huxley, Thomas Henry: On Some Fossil Remains of Man; Lectures On Evolution
Jenner, Edward: “The Theory of Vaccination”
Kanada, Yasumasa: “One Divided By Pi (to 1 million
digits)”
Kelvin, William Thomson: “An Absolute Scale of
Temperature”
Kant, Immanuel: The
Science of Right
Koch, Robert: “Theory of Bacteria”
Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent: “The Nature of
Combustion”; “Respiration as Combustion”
Lockyer, Sir Joseph: “The Chemistry of the Stars”
Lyell, Sir Charles: Student's Elements of Geology, The
Newton, Sir Isaac: “The Theory of Gravitation”
Pasteur, Louis: “Inoculation for Hydrophobia”
Pliny the Elder: “The Inventors of Various Things”;
“An Account of the World and Its Elements”
Priestley, Joseph: “The Discovery of Oxygen”
Schwann, Theodore: “Cell Theory”
Watt, James: “Invention of the Steam Engine”
Wright Brothers, The: “The First Airplane to Fly
Successfully”
2.
Major works, documents and papers relating to science
Descartes,
Rene: Discourse on the Method of Right
Conducting the Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences
“First 100,000 Prime Numbers, The”
Hippocrates: The Oath
Human Genome Project: Chromosome Numbers 1 – 24 (24 sections)
“Square Root
of 4 to a Million Places, The”
“The Invention of the Telephone: The Share in It of
Edison And Bell”
U.S. National Atomic Museum: Trinity Atomic Bomb
3.
Selected Quotations
Anaximander said the sun was a
ring twenty-eight times the size of the earth... Further, he says that in the
beginning man was born from animals of a different species. Fragments of
Thought of Anaximander
Dear Mr. Pasteur:
"For the first time in the
history of science, we are justified in cherishing confidently the hope that,
as far as epidemic diseases are concerned, medicine will soon be delivered from
empiricism, and placed on a real scientific basis...” John Tyndall, in a
letter dated February 16, 1876.
G. Philosophy & Religion
Philosophy has three subsections providing grounding
in the development of philosophy; epistemology, including David Hume’s Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding;
and logic, including the great writing of Aristotle and Rene Descartes. The
fourth subsection is the heart of Philosophy, with the great works of no fewer
than 26 major philosophers.
Religious studies, especially comparative religion,
have received an extra emphasis in recent times following the September 11,
2001 attack on the United States by terrorists claiming to act in the name of
Islam. Coverage in the Religion section starts with a general subsection on the
development of religion, including William James’ book The Varieties of Religious Experience. This is followed by writings
about, and the holy books of, great religions: classical mythology; Hinduism;
Buddhism; Confucianism; Taoism; Christianity; and Islam. Work on adding holy
books of other religions, including Judaism, is in hand for 2002 publication.
1.
Major philosophers and religious writers
Philosophical works of writers including the
following:
Antonius,
Marcus Aurelius
Aquinas,
Thomas
Aristotle
Bacon,
Francis
Bentham,
Jeremy
Berkeley,
George
Descartes,
Rene
Erasmus,
Desiderius
Hume,
David
Kant,
Immanuel
Leibnitz,
Gottfried Wilhelm
Locke,
John
Malthus,
Thomas Robert
Mill,
John Stuart
Nietzsche,
Friedrich
Paine,
Thomas
Plato
Plotinus
Rousseau,
Jean-Jacques
Russell,
Bertrand Arthur William 3rd, Earl,
Voltaire
Holy
scriptures and philosophical guides
Book of Mormon, The
Buddha, The Gospel
Confucian Analects
Holy Bible, King James Version
Holy Bible, The Douay-Rheims Version
Laws of Manu, The
Quran, The
Tao Te Ching
Upanishads, The
Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
Religious
writing of writers including the following:
Bunyan,
John
Butler,
Samuel
Doyle,
Sir Arthur Conan
Eddy,
Mary Baker
Gamble,
Eliza Burt
Giles,
Herbert Allen
Ginzberg,
Louis
Hutton,
Joseph Edmund
James,
William
Lang,
Andrew
Latimer,
Hugh
Lau-tzu
Luther,
Martin
MacCaffrey,
James
Mather,
Cotton
Melanchthon,
Philip
Pinches,
Theophilus Goldridge
Shepard,
Thomas
Twain,
Mark
Wheatley,
Phillis
White,
Andrew Dickson
Wigglesworth,
Michael
Williams,
Roger
2.
Selected quotations
Descartes (1596–1650) tried to
sweep away all uncertainties and start from one absolutely certain fact,
"Cogito, ergo sum," as he expressed it,—"I think, and in so
thinking I exist." The Beginnings
of Modern Philosophy from the
Library of Original Sources.
Memory gives the souls a sort of
consecutiveness which is like reason, but which ought to be distinguished from
it. Leibniz: “Monadology”.
...there is a considerable
difference between the perceptions of the mind, when a man feels the pain of
excessive heat, or the pleasure of moderate warmth, and when he afterwards
recalls to his memory this sensation, or anticipates it by his imagination...
The most lively thought is still inferior to the dullest sensation. David
Hume: An Enquiry Concerning Human
Understanding.
A man and an ox are both
’animal’... if a man should state in what sense each is an animal, the
statement in the one case would be identical with that in the other. Aristotle:
Categories.
The higher criticism of the
Bible is only a study of the Bible from this existential point of view... Under
just what biographic conditions did the sacred writers bring forth their
various contributions to the holy volume? And what had they exactly in their
several individual minds? These are manifestly questions of historical fact...
of what use should such a volume, with its manner of coming into existence so
defined, be to us as a guide to life and a revelation? William James: The Varieties of Religious Experience.
That (seed) became a golden egg,
in brilliancy equal to the sun; in that (egg) he himself was born as Brahman,
the progenitor of the whole world. Hinduism/The Laws of Manu.
The Master said, "If the
people be led by laws, and uniformity sought to be given them by punishments,
they will try to avoid the punishment, but have no sense of shame. If they be
led by virtue, and uniformity sought to be given them by the rules of
propriety, they will have the sense of shame, and moreover will become
good." Confucius: Confucian
Analects.
Thou awakest us to delight in
Thy praise; for Thou madest us for Thyself, and our heart is restless, until it
repose in Thee. Grant me, Lord, to know and understand which is first, to call
on Thee or to praise Thee? The Confessions of Saint Augustine.
Psalms|1:1 Blessed is the man
that walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor standeth in the way of
sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the scornful.
Psalms|1:2 But his delight is in
the law of the LORD; and in his law doth he meditate day and night. The Bible.
Praise belongs to God, the Lord
of the worlds, the merciful, the compassionate, the ruler of the day of
judgment! Thee we serve and Thee we ask for aid. Guide us in the right path,
the path of those Thou art gracious to; not of those Thou art wroth with; nor
of those who err. The Quran
H. Language
A useful resource to support language skills
development and foreign language learning, this collection has two main sections, Language
Arts and Languages. The first section covers speech communication, including
famous orations throughout history; writing grammar and composition; philology,
the evolution of consonants in European languages; vowels; and the derivation
of English from Latin.
The main, Languages, section contains works in 11
languages: Danish, Dutch, Flemish, French, German, Italian, Latin, Portuguese,
Spanish, Swedish, and Welsh. Many of the works, such as Don Quijote by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, are also available
translated into English in the OriginalSources.com
collection of Literature.
1
Major writers and examples of works
Language arts
The World’s Famous Orations
“The
Derivation of English From Latin”
Flemish
Heinrich Heine: De
Beurs Lacht, De Franse Pers, and
Franse Toestanden.
French
Alexandre Dumas (pere et fils), Henri III et sa Cour; Dame aux Camelias, La
Moliere: L'Etourdi
Marcel Proust:
L'Ombre des Jeunes Filles en Fleurs, A
Edmond Rostand: Cyrano
de Bergerac
Stendhal (6 novels)
Jules Verne: De
la Terre a la Lune; Tour du Mond 80 Joures
Voltaire: Vie
de Molière
German
Anzengruber, Ludwig: G'wissenswurm; Bauernkomödie in drei Akten, Der
Arnim, Ludwig Achim, Freiherr von: Isabella von Aegypten; Kaiser Karl des
Fünften erste Jugendliebe
Brentano, Clemens: Maerhen von dem Mytrenfraeulin, Das
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von: Briefe aus der Schweiz; Die Lieden des Jungen Werther; Egmont; Faust; 11 Wilhelm Meisters books, and 13
other works
Hebbel, Friedrich: Herodes und Mariamne; eine tragödie in fünf akten; Schnock; ein
niederländisches Gemälde
Heine, Heinrich: Buch
der Lieder
Hesse, Hermann: Siddhartha:
eine indische Dichtung
May, Karl Friedrich: Mein Leben und Streben
Meyer, Conrad Ferdinand: Die Versuchung des Pescara
Mommsen, Theodor: Roemische Geschichte 6 volumes
Wieland, Christoph Martin: Geschichte des Agathon; Oberon
Italian
Dante Alighieri:
Divina Commedia
Ariosto, Lodovico: Orlando Furioso
Latin
Virgil: The
Aeneid; The Bucolics and Eclogues; The Georgics
Cicero: Orations
Julius Caesar’s Commentaries
on the Gallic War
Latin Vulgate
Bible
Martin Luther: 95
Theses
Propertius, Sextus: Sexti Properti Carmina
Portuguese
J. Simoes Lopes Netto: Lendas Do Sol
Luis de Camoes: Os
Lusiadas.
Spanish
Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de: Don Quijote
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Bombardos Atomicos De Hiroshima y Nagasaki
Spanish short stories and plays
a progressive Spanish reader
selections from modern Spanish writers.
Swedish
Bibeln (The Bible)
Welsh
Sir Owen Morgan Edwards: Cartrefi Cymru
Hughes, Ceiriog: Ceiriog
O’r Nant, Twm: The
Works of Twm O’r Nant
1.
Selected quotations
The Consonants (Grimm’s and Verner’s Law). This describes the changes in consonants
over the centuries, and gives examples of how words have changed in the
evolution into Aryan, Greek, Latin, Gothic, Anglo Saxon, English, Old High
German, and German languages, such as: Kcrntom hekaton centum hund hundret
hundred hundert Hundert... Oliver
J. Thatcher, The Library of Original
Sources, 1907.
Sevilla es la Sephela fundada
por los Fenicios, la Julia Rómula de los romanos y la Ixbilyah de los árabes.
La ciudad está situada cerca del Guadalquivir, y ha conservado como ninguna
otra ciudad la apariencia oriental y el ambiente soñador y lánguido de los
sarracenos. Carolina Marcial Dorado: “Sevilla.”