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U.S. Code, Title 44, Public Printing and Documents
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General SummaryThe U.S. Code is a consolidation and codification by subject matter of the general and permanent laws of the United States. While every effort has been made to ensure that this reproduction of the Code is accurate, those using it for legal purposes should verify their results against the printed version of the Code available through the Government Printing Office.
Title 44—Public Printing and Documents
This title was enacted by Pub. L. 90–620, § 1, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1238
Chap.     Sec.
1.     Joint Committee on Printing     101
3.     Government Printing Office     301
5.     Production and Procurement of Printing and Binding     501
7.     Congressional Printing and Binding     701
9.     Congressional Record     901
11.     Executive and Judiciary Printing and Binding     1101
13.     Particular Reports and Documents     1301
15.     Federal Register and Code of Federal Regulations     1501
17.     Distribution and Sale of Public Documents     1701
19.     Depository Library Program     1901
21.     National Archives and Records Administration     2101
22.     Presidential Records     2201
23.     National Archives Trust Fund Board     2301
25.     National Historical Publications and Records Commission     2501
27.     Advisory Committee on the Records of Congress     2701
29.     Records Management by the Archivist of the United States and by the Administrator of General Services     2901
31.     Records Management by Federal Agencies     3101
33.     Disposal of Records     3301
35.     Coordination of Federal Information Policy     3501
37.     Advertisements by Government Agencies     3701
39.     Government Printing Office: Office of Inspector General     3901
41.     Access to Federal Electronic Information     4101
     1993—Pub. L. 103–40, § 2(b), June 8, 1993, 107 Stat. 113, added item 41.
     1990—Pub. L. 101–509, title IV, § 1(d)(2), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1419, added item 27.
     1988—Pub. L. 100–504, title II, § 204, Oct. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 2531, added item 39.
     1984—Pub. L. 98–497, title I, §§ 102(c)(2), 107(b)(18)(B), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2283, 2290, substituted "National Archives and Records Administration" for "Archival Administration" in item 21, and inserted "the Archivist of the United States and by the" in item 29.
     1980—Pub. L. 96–511, § 2(b), Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2825, substituted "Information Policy" for "Reporting Services" in item 35.
     1978—Pub. L. 95–591, § 2(b)(1), Nov. 4, 1978, 92 Stat. 2528, added item 22.
     Pub. L. 95–378, § 2(b), Sept. 22, 1978, 92 Stat. 723, struck out item 27 "Federal Records Council".
     1974—Pub. L. 93–536, § 2, Dec. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 1735, substituted "National Historical Publications and Records Commission" for "National Historical Publications Commission" in item 25.
Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title 44
Title 44 Former Sections
Title 44 New Sections
1Â Â Â Â Â 101
2Â Â Â Â Â 102
4Â Â Â Â Â 103
5Â Â Â Â Â 509
6Â Â Â Â Â 510
7Â Â Â Â Â 511
8Â Â Â Â Â 512
9Â Â Â Â Â 513
10Â Â Â Â Â 514
11Â Â Â Â Â 515
12Â Â Â Â Â 516
13Â Â Â Â Â 517
14Â Â Â Â Â 504
15, 16Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
31Â Â Â Â Â 301
32Â Â Â Â Â 304
33–35     Rep.
36Â Â Â Â Â 508
37, 38Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
39Â Â Â Â Â 302
39a     303
40Â Â Â Â Â 305
41Â Â Â Â Â 306
42Â Â Â Â Â 307
43–46     Rep.
47Â Â Â Â Â 316
48Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
49Â Â Â Â Â 313
50, 51Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
51a     Elim.
52Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
52a     308
53     T. 18 § 442
54–57     Rep.
58Â Â Â Â Â 505
59Â Â Â Â Â 312
60Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
61Â Â Â Â Â 315
62Â Â Â Â Â 314
63Â Â Â Â Â 309
63a     309
64Â Â Â Â Â 311
71Â Â Â Â Â 1702
72Â Â Â Â Â 1705
72a     1708
73Â Â Â Â Â 308, 1702
74Â Â Â Â Â 1703
75Â Â Â Â Â 1704
76Â Â Â Â Â 1710
77Â Â Â Â Â 1711
78Â Â Â Â Â 1720
79Â Â Â Â Â 1707
80Â Â Â Â Â 1713
81Â Â Â Â Â 1712
81a     1901
81b     1902
81c     1914
82Â Â Â Â Â 1905
83Â Â Â Â Â 1904
84Â Â Â Â Â 1910
84a     1912
85Â Â Â Â Â 1903, 1906
85a     1913
86Â Â Â Â Â 1909
87Â Â Â Â Â 1907
87a     Rep.
88Â Â Â Â Â 1908
89Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
90Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
91Â Â Â Â Â 1717
91a     1716
92Â Â Â Â Â 1119, 1911
93Â Â Â Â Â 1721
94Â Â Â Â Â 1709
95Â Â Â Â Â 1701
96Â Â Â Â Â 1722
111Â Â Â Â Â 501
111a     502
111b     503
111c     Elim.
112, 113Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
114Â Â Â Â Â 1706
115Â Â Â Â Â 506, 507
116Â Â Â Â Â 501, 1123
117Â Â Â Â Â 1103
118Â Â Â Â Â 1104
119Â Â Â Â Â 1120
120Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
121Â Â Â Â Â 1111
131Â Â Â Â Â 701
132Â Â Â Â Â 702
133Â Â Â Â Â 703
134Â Â Â Â Â 702
135Â Â Â Â Â 705
136Â Â Â Â Â 714
137Â Â Â Â Â 704
138Â Â Â Â Â 715
139Â Â Â Â Â 1718
139a     1719
140Â Â Â Â Â 716
141Â Â Â Â Â 718
142Â Â Â Â Â 719
143Â Â Â Â Â 738
144Â Â Â Â Â 717
145Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
146Â Â Â Â Â 734
147Â Â Â Â Â 713
148Â Â Â Â Â 720
149Â Â Â Â Â 721
150Â Â Â Â Â 722
151Â Â Â Â Â 723
152Â Â Â Â Â 724
153Â Â Â Â Â 725
154Â Â Â Â Â 726
155Â Â Â Â Â 727
156Â Â Â Â Â 1326
157Â Â Â Â Â 730
158Â Â Â Â Â 731
159Â Â Â Â Â 732
160Â Â Â Â Â 735
161Â Â Â Â Â 736
162Â Â Â Â Â 733
163Â Â Â Â Â 908
164Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
165Â Â Â Â Â 739
166Â Â Â Â Â 740
167Â Â Â Â Â 741
168Â Â Â Â Â 737
169Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
170Â Â Â Â Â 1333
181Â Â Â Â Â 901
182Â Â Â Â Â 902
182a     903
182b     904
182c     905
183Â Â Â Â Â 906
184Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
185Â Â Â Â Â 907
186Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
187Â Â Â Â Â 909
188Â Â Â Â Â 910
189Â Â Â Â Â 706
189a     707
190Â Â Â Â Â 708
191Â Â Â Â Â 709
191a     710
192Â Â Â Â Â 711
193Â Â Â Â Â 712
194–196     Rep.
196a     728
197Â Â Â Â Â 729
211Â Â Â Â Â 1101
212 (1st sent.)Â Â Â Â Â 1115
212 (2d sent.)Â Â Â Â Â 1114
213 (1st par.)Â Â Â Â Â 1102
213 (2d par., 1st sent.)Â Â Â Â Â 1116
213 (2d par., 2d sent., 1st cl.)Â Â Â Â Â 1302
213 (2d par., 2d, 3d sents.)     1308–1310, 1336
213 (3d par.)Â Â Â Â Â 1116
213a     1117
214Â Â Â Â Â 1107
215Â Â Â Â Â 1110
215a     1714
216Â Â Â Â Â 1105
217Â Â Â Â Â 1715
218Â Â Â Â Â 1106
219Â Â Â Â Â 1102, 1113
219a     1118
220Â Â Â Â Â 1108
221Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
222Â Â Â Â Â 1112
223Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
224Â Â Â Â Â 1109
225Â Â Â Â Â 1121
226Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
227Â Â Â Â Â 1122
228, 229Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
230Â Â Â Â Â 310
241Â Â Â Â Â 1301
242Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
243Â Â Â Â Â 1303
244Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
245Â Â Â Â Â 1304
246Â Â Â Â Â 1307
247Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
248Â Â Â Â Â 1306
249Â Â Â Â Â 1328
250Â Â Â Â Â 1317
251, 252Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
253Â Â Â Â Â 1313
254Â Â Â Â Â 1314
255, 256Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
257Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
258Â Â Â Â Â 1315
259Â Â Â Â Â 1316
260Â Â Â Â Â 1318
261Â Â Â Â Â 1319
262Â Â Â Â Â 1320
263Â Â Â Â Â 1312
265Â Â Â Â Â 1321
266Â Â Â Â Â 1322
267Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
268Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
269Â Â Â Â Â 1323
270Â Â Â Â Â 1324
271Â Â Â Â Â 1325
272Â Â Â Â Â 1327
273Â Â Â Â Â 1329
274Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
275Â Â Â Â Â 1331
275a     Rep.
275b     1332
276Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
276a     1333
277Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
278Â Â Â Â Â 1334
279Â Â Â Â Â 1335
279a     Rep.
280, 280a     Rep.
281, 282Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
283Â Â Â Â Â 1337
283a     Rep.
284Â Â Â Â Â 1338
285Â Â Â Â Â 1339
286, 287Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
288Â Â Â Â Â 1340
289Â Â Â Â Â 1341
290Â Â Â Â Â 1342
291Â Â Â Â Â 1343
292Â Â Â Â Â Elim.
293, 294Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
295Â Â Â Â Â 1344
296Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
296a     1305
297Â Â Â Â Â 1311
298Â Â Â Â Â 1330
300–300f     Rep.
300f–1     Rep.
300g, 300h     Rep.
300h–1     Rep.
300i–300k     Rep.
300aa     Rep.
300bb     2301
300cc     2305
300dd     2306
300ee     2307
300ff     2303
300gg     2308
300hh     2302
300ii     2304
300jj     Rep.
301Â Â Â Â Â 1502
302Â Â Â Â Â 1503
303Â Â Â Â Â 1504
304Â Â Â Â Â 1501
305Â Â Â Â Â 1505
306Â Â Â Â Â 1506
307Â Â Â Â Â 1507
308Â Â Â Â Â 1508
309Â Â Â Â Â 1509
310, 310a     Rep.
311Â Â Â Â Â 1510
311a     Rep.
312Â Â Â Â Â 1511
313, 314Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
321Â Â Â Â Â 3701
322Â Â Â Â Â 3703
323Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
324Â Â Â Â Â 3702
325Â Â Â Â Â 3703
326Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
351–365     Rep.
366Â Â Â Â Â 3301
367Â Â Â Â Â 3302
368Â Â Â Â Â 3303
369Â Â Â Â Â 3304
370Â Â Â Â Â 3305
371Â Â Â Â Â 3306
372Â Â Â Â Â 3307
373Â Â Â Â Â 3308
374Â Â Â Â Â 3309
375Â Â Â Â Â 3310
376Â Â Â Â Â 3311
377Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
378Â Â Â Â Â 3312
379Â Â Â Â Â 3313
380Â Â Â Â Â 3314
391Â Â Â Â Â 1506, 2108, 2301, 2501, 2902
392Â Â Â Â Â 2903
393(a)Â Â Â Â Â 2501
393(b)Â Â Â Â Â 2502
393(c)Â Â Â Â Â 2503
393(d)Â Â Â Â Â 2504
393(e)Â Â Â Â Â 2505
393(f)Â Â Â Â Â 2504 nt.
393(g)Â Â Â Â Â 2506
393(h)Â Â Â Â Â 2507
394Â Â Â Â Â 2701
395(a)Â Â Â Â Â 2904
395(b)Â Â Â Â Â 2905
395(c)Â Â Â Â Â 2906
395(d)Â Â Â Â Â 2907
395(e)Â Â Â Â Â 2908
395(f)Â Â Â Â Â 2909
396(a)Â Â Â Â Â 3101
396(b)Â Â Â Â Â 3102
396(c)Â Â Â Â Â 3103
396(d)Â Â Â Â Â 3104
396(e)Â Â Â Â Â 3105
396(f)Â Â Â Â Â 3106
396(g)Â Â Â Â Â 3107
396a     2910
397(a)Â Â Â Â Â 2103
397(b)Â Â Â Â Â 2104
397(c)Â Â Â Â Â 2105
397(d)Â Â Â Â Â 2106
397(e)Â Â Â Â Â 2107
397(f)Â Â Â Â Â 2108
397(g)Â Â Â Â Â Rep.
397(h)Â Â Â Â Â 2109
397(i)Â Â Â Â Â 2110
397(j)Â Â Â Â Â 2101
398Â Â Â Â Â 2111
399Â Â Â Â Â 2112
400Â Â Â Â Â 2113
401Â Â Â Â Â 2901
402Â Â Â Â Â 2114
421Â Â Â Â Â 3501
422(a)Â Â Â Â Â 3503
422(b)Â Â Â Â Â 3504
422(c)Â Â Â Â Â 3505
422(d)Â Â Â Â Â 3506
422(e)Â Â Â Â Â 3507
423Â Â Â Â Â 3508
424Â Â Â Â Â 3509
425Â Â Â Â Â 3510
426Â Â Â Â Â 3502
427Â Â Â Â Â 3511
     Section 1 of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1238, provided in part: "That the general and permanent laws relating to public printing and documents are revised, codified, and enacted as title 44, United States Code, `Public Printing and Documents’, and may be cited as `44 U.S.C. § XX’ ".
Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions
     Section 2(a) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that: "The legislative purpose in enacting section 1 of this Act is to restate, without substantive change, the laws replaced by those sections on the effective date of this Act. Laws effective after January 14, 1968, that are inconsistent with this Act are considered as superseding it to the extent of the inconsistency."
     Section 2(b) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that: "A reference to a law replaced by section 1 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act."
Outstanding Orders, Rules, and Regulations
     Section 2(c) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that: "An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by section 1 of this Act shall continue in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded."
     Section 2(d) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, provided that: "An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by section 1 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act."
     Section 2(e) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1306, provided that: "An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of its caption or catchline."
     Section 2(f) of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1306, provided that: "If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act is held invalid in one or more of its applications, the provision remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid application or applications."
     Section 3 of Pub. L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1306, repealed the sections or parts thereof of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large codified in this title, except with respect to rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun, before October 22, 1968, and except as provided by section 2 of Pub. L. 90–620.
Title Referred to in Other Sections
     This title is referred to in title 30 section 1809; title 40 section 474.
Contents:
Chicago: "U.S. Congress, Office of the Law Revision Counsel", "Title 44— Public Printing and Documents," U.S. Code, Title 44, Public Printing and Documents in U.S. Code, Title 44, Public Printing and Documents (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2002), Original Sources, accessed April 24, 2024, http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=17Z1KC7Y3DDXT35.
MLA: "U.S. Congress, Office of the Law Revision Counsel". "Title 44— Public Printing and Documents." U.S. Code, Title 44, Public Printing and Documents, in U.S. Code, Title 44, Public Printing and Documents, Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office, 2002, Original Sources. 24 Apr. 2024. http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=17Z1KC7Y3DDXT35.
Harvard: "U.S. Congress, Office of the Law Revision Counsel", 'Title 44— Public Printing and Documents' in U.S. Code, Title 44, Public Printing and Documents. cited in 2002, U.S. Code, Title 44, Public Printing and Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.. Original Sources, retrieved 24 April 2024, from http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=17Z1KC7Y3DDXT35.
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