Whiskey Rebellion

Whiskey Rebellion The 1791 federal excise tax heavily burdened pioneers in western Pa., where distilling was barely profitable before the tax. Small-scale violence flared in 1791–3, until July 1794 when law officers tried to summon 60 tax evaders for trial at Philadelphia’s federal court. Rioters burned the chief tax collector’s home, killed a US soldier, and openly discussed leaving the Union. On 7 August 1794, George Washington called out militia from Pa., N.J., Md., and Va.; when he led 12,900 troops across the mountains that fall, resistance collapsed. One hundred and fifty suspected rebels were arrested, 20 were sent east for trial, and 2 were sentenced to death for treason in May 1795, but Washington pardoned both.