Frémont, John Charles

Frémont, John Charles, a Senator from California; born in Savannah, Ga., January 21, 1813; pursued classical studies and attended Charleston College 1828-1830; instructor in mathematics in the United States Navy 1833-1835; civil engineer assistant of Nicollet in 1838 and 1839, exploring the territory between the Missouri River and the northern boundary of the United States; appointed second lieutenant of Topographical Engineers of the United States Army July 7, 1838; commenced in 1842 his explorations and surveys for an overland route from the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean; major of a battalion of California Volunteers in 1846; appointed lieutenant colonel of United States Mounted Rifles in 1846 and ordered to act as Governor of California by Commodore Stockton; General Kearny, United States Army, revoked this order and placed him under arrest for mutiny; tried by court martial in Washington, found guilty, and pardoned by President Polk, but resigned; crossed the continent in 1848; located in California on the Mariposa grant; commissioner to run the boundary line between United States and Mexico in 1849; upon the admission of California as a State into the Union was elected as a Free-Soil Democrat to the United States Senate and served from September 9, 1850, to March 3, 1851; crossed the continent in 1853 for the fifth time; unsuccessful as the first Republican candidate for President of the United States in 1856; appointed major general in the United States Army by President Lincoln May 14, 1861, and placed in command of the western military district; was removed December 2, 1861; appointed to command the mountain department February 10, 1862; resigned June 4, 1864; again nominated for President by the Cleveland convention in 1864; Governor of Arizona Territory 1878-1881; appointed a major general in the United States Army on the retired list April 28, 1890; died in New York City July 13, 1890; interment in Trinity Church Cemetery; reinterment in Rockland Cemetery, Nyack, N.Y., March 17, 1891.