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			Niukkanen v. McAlexander, 362 U.S. 390 (1960)
			
			 
			
	
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					General SummaryThis case is from a collection containing the full text of over 16,000 Supreme Court cases from 1793 to the present.  The body of Supreme Court decisions are, effectively, the final interpretation of the Constitution. Only an amendment to the Constitution can permanently overturn an interpretation and this has happened only four times in American history. 
					
					
					
					
				 
			 
		
 
	 
	
	
		
		Niukkanen v. McAlexander, 362 U.S. 390 (1960)
    
       Niukkanen v. McAlexander No. 130 Argued March 21, 1960 Decided April 18, 1960 362 U.S. 390 
    
    CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
    FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
    Syllabus
    On the record in this case, the evidence was sufficient to support the conclusion of the District Court, affirmed by the Court of Appeals, that petitioner, an alien, had become a member of the Communist Party after entering the United States, and therefore was deportable under the Act of October 16, 1918, as amended by § 22 of the Internal Security Act of 1950.  Pp. 390-391. 
    265 F. 2d 825 affirmed. 
	 
	
	
		
			
	
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								Chicago: 
								U.S. Supreme Court, "Syllabus," Niukkanen v. McAlexander, 362 U.S. 390 (1960) in  362 U.S. 390 Original Sources, accessed November 3, 2025, http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=AW1ZDY3TF2IE3QT.
								
							 
							
								MLA: 
								U.S. Supreme Court. "Syllabus." Niukkanen v. McAlexander, 362 U.S. 390 (1960), in  362 U.S. 390, Original Sources. 3 Nov. 2025. http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=AW1ZDY3TF2IE3QT.
								
							 
							
								Harvard: 
								U.S. Supreme Court, 'Syllabus' in Niukkanen v. McAlexander, 362 U.S. 390 (1960). cited in  1960, 362 U.S. 390. Original Sources, retrieved 3 November 2025, from http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=AW1ZDY3TF2IE3QT.
								
							 
						 
					 
				 
				
			
	 
	
 
	
	
	
						
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