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Heikkila v. Barber, 345 U.S. 229 (1953)
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General SummaryThis case is from a collection containing the full text of over 16,000 Supreme Court cases from 1793 to the present. The body of Supreme Court decisions are, effectively, the final interpretation of the Constitution. Only an amendment to the Constitution can permanently overturn an interpretation and this has happened only four times in American history.
Heikkila v. Barber, 345 U.S. 229 (1953)
Heikkila v. Barber No. 426 Argued February 5, 1953 Decided March 16, 1953 345 U.S. 229
APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
Syllabus
An alien whose deportation has been ordered by the Attorney General under § 19(a) of the Immigration Act of 1917 may not obtain a review of the Attorney General’s decision under § 10 of the Administrative Procedure, by a suit for a declaratory judgment or injunctive relief. Pp. 230-237.
(a) Section 19(a) of the Immigration Act of 1917 is a statute which precludes judicial review within the meaning of the first exception to § 10 of the Administrative Procedure Act. Pp. 232-235.
(b) The reasons which prevent review of a deportation order under § 10 of the Administrative Procedure Act apply a fortiori to suits for injunction based on the general equity powers of the federal courts and suits for declaratory relief under the Declaratory Judgment Act. P. 237.
(c) Habeas corpus remains the only procedure by which an alien whose deportation has been ordered by the Attorney General may challenge such order in the courts. Pp. 234-235.
Affirmed.
Appellant’s complaint seeking a "review of agency action" as well as injunctive and declaratory relief, was dismissed by a three-judge District Court. On direct appeal to this Court, affirmed, p. 237.
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Chicago:
U.S. Supreme Court, "Syllabus," Heikkila v. Barber, 345 U.S. 229 (1953) in 345 U.S. 229 345 U.S. 230. Original Sources, accessed July 1, 2025, http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=QQDIHZHKT3YVNWA.
MLA:
U.S. Supreme Court. "Syllabus." Heikkila v. Barber, 345 U.S. 229 (1953), in 345 U.S. 229, page 345 U.S. 230. Original Sources. 1 Jul. 2025. http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=QQDIHZHKT3YVNWA.
Harvard:
U.S. Supreme Court, 'Syllabus' in Heikkila v. Barber, 345 U.S. 229 (1953). cited in 1953, 345 U.S. 229, pp.345 U.S. 230. Original Sources, retrieved 1 July 2025, from http://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=QQDIHZHKT3YVNWA.
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